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Fire is the most
ubiquitous disturbance affecting terrestrial ecosystems, most prominent
in savannas, Mediterranean woodlands, and boreal forests.
It is an important component of the Earth system affecting the vegetation, the
carbon cycle and the radiative forcing through fire emissions. It has the
potential therefore to amplify or reduce initial climatic changes through its
different feedbacks on climate. However, tackling its exact influence on
climate still remains challenging as fire varied
in the past both at temporal and spatial scales, responding to different
climatic variability over different boundary conditions. To go beyond these
issues, my main aim is at identifying and quantifying the different controls of
biomass burning (fire) through time.
Figure illustrating the different feedbacks
of fire on climate (designed by A-L Daniau)
Climatic conditions are the primary
control of the incidence of fire, but fire is also influenced by the nature of
the vegetation. Vegetation on the other hand depends itself of climate changes
on timescales from interannual (vegetation
productivity) to multi-millennial (vegetation dynamics and distribution).
Another superimposed control on fire is natural (by lightning storms) or
anthropogenic ignition. Humans have been put forward to explain both increased
and reduced periods of fire through fire use intensification for ecosystem
management. This can lead to an increase of fire, as well as fire suppression
by fragmenting landscapes and reducing fuel load. I examine how key climatic
and vegetation variables governed biomass burning in regions that are today
sensitive to fire, in particular the Mediterranean region and southern Africa.
I analyse microcharcoal
particles preserved in long and continuous deep-sea
sedimentary sequences, focusing on orbital and millennial time scales. This approach is worth to draw on changes in biomass burning
directly in relation with vegetation (pollen grains) and climate at regional
scale.
Figure illustrating natural controls of
biomass burning (designed by A-L Daniau)
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News Highlights of My Research 2023: Intervention dans
l’Episode 4 « Sur les traces des anciens feux » de la Série
documentaire d’Aline Pénitot « Dans les
vestiges des anciens climats ». Aline Pénitot
tend le micro aux paléoclimatologues. Ils font
parler les glaces, les roches, les sédiments marins, les charbons... et
révèlent combien le passé des climats nous renseigne sur l’ampleur des
dérèglements actuels. (intervention
à 25 minutes et 33 minutes) 2023 - Daniau, Anne-Laure (2023). Melody of fires in southern
Africa over the past 190,000 years. Figshare Media https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.22787288.v1 2023 - Première édition des Échappées inattendues en Aquitaine
(8-10 juin 2023). Mini-conférence sur la thématique climat et les risques
environnementaux associés pour grand public et scolaire. Titre de la
micro-conférence : Doit-on
toujours s’attendre à une augmentation du risque incendie sous un climat
chaud ? Cas de l’Afrique australe https://echappeesinattendues.cnrs.fr/event/climat-de-letude-a-la-gestion-des-risques-naturels/ 2023 -
Portrait – Les Dealers de Science https://linvisible.dealersdescience.com/portraits-scientifiques/anne-laure-daniau/ 2018 -
http://www.futureearth.org/blog/2017-apr-27/we-have-some-work-ahead-us-thats-normal-studying-past-predict-future 2013 Contrôle à l’échelle orbitale des feux de savane
herbeuse au sud de l’Afrique – INSU newsletter 2012
Research highlight in Nature Climate Change http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v2/n11/full/nclimate1735.html 2010 Where there's not smoke... - john hawks weblog |
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